January 31
| 1606 | Guy Fawkes is hanged, drawn and quartered for his part in the Gunpowder Plot, an attempt to blow up Parliament. | |
| 1620 | Virginia colony leaders write to the Virginia Company in England, asking for more orphaned apprentices for employment. | |
| 1788 | The Young Pretender, Charles Edward Stuart dies. | |
| 1835 | A man with two pistols misfires at President Andrew Jackson at the White House. | |
| 1865 | House of Representatives approves a constitutional amendment abolishing slavery. | |
| 1911 | The German Reichstag exempts royal families from tax obligations. | |
| 1915 | Germans use poison gas on the Russians at Bolimov. | |
| 1915 | German U-boats sink two British steamers in the English Channel. | |
| 1916 | President Woodrow Wilson refuses the compromise on Lusitania reparations. | |
| 1917 | Germany resumes unlimited sub warfare, warning that all neutral ships that are in the war zone will be attacked. | |
| 1935 | The Soviet premier tells Japan to get out of Manchuria. | |
| 1943 | The Battle of Stalingrad ends as small groups of German soldiers of the Sixth Army surrender to the victorious Red Army forces. | |
| 1944 | U.S. troops under Vice Adm. Spruance land on Kwajalien atoll in the Marshall Islands. | |
| 1950 | Paris protests the Soviet recognition of Ho Chi Minh's Democratic Republic of Vietnam. | |
| 1966 | U.S. planes resume bombing of North Vietnam after a 37-day pause. | |
| 1968 | In Vietnam, the Tet Offensive begins as Viet Cong and North Vietnamese soldiers attack strategic and civilian locations throughout South Vietnam. | |
| 1976 | Ernesto Miranda, famous from the Supreme Court ruling on Miranda vs. Arizona is stabbed to death. | |
| 1981 | Lech Walesa announces an accord in Poland, giving Saturdays off to laborers. |
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