January 26
| 1699 | The Treaty of Karlowitz ends the war between Austria and the Turks. | |
| 1720 | Guilio Alberoni is ordered out of Spain after his abortive attempt to restore his country's empire. | |
| 1788 | A fleet of ships carrying convicts from England lands at Sydney Cove in Australia. The day is since known as Australia's national day. | |
| 1861 | Louisiana secedes from the Union. | |
| 1863 | President Lincoln names General Joseph Hooker to replace Burnside as commander of the Army of the Potomac. | |
| 1875 | Pinkerton agents, hunting Jesse James, kill his 18-year-old half-brother and seriously injure his mother with a bomb. | |
| 1885 | General "Chinese" Gordon is killed on the palace steps in Khartoum by Sudanese Mahdists in Africa. | |
| 1924 | Petrograd is renamed Leningrad. | |
| 1934 | Germany signs a 10-year non-aggression pact with Poland, breaking the French alliance system. | |
| 1942 | American Expeditionary Force lands in Northern Ireland. | |
| 1943 | The first OSS (Office of Strategic Services) agent parachutes behind Japanese lines inBurma. | |
| 1964 | Eighty-four people are arrested in a segregation protest in Atlanta. | |
| 1969 | California is declared a disaster area after two days of flooding and mud slides. | |
| 2005 | Condoleezza Rice is appointed to the post of secretary of state. The post makes her the highest ranking African-American woman ever to serve in an U.S. presidential cabinet. |
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