1533:Atahualpa, the last ruler of the Incas, was murdered as Francisco Pizarro completed his conquest of Peru.
1786:Shays's rebellion, an insurrection of Massachusetts farmers against the state government, began.
1842:The Treaty of Nanking was signed, ending the Opium Wars and ceding the island of Hong Kong to Britain.
1877:Brigham Young died in Salt Lake City, Utah.
1949:The U.S.S.R. tested their first atomic bomb.
1957:Strom Thurmond ended the longest filibuster in U.S. Senate history. He spoke for more than 24 hours against a civil rights bill; the bill passed.
1966:The Beatles played their last major live concert at Candlestick Park, California.
1991:The Supreme Soviet, the parliament of the U.S.S.R., suspended all activities of the Communist Party, bringing an end to the institution.
2005:Hurricane Katrina slammed into the U.S. Gulf Coast, destroying beachfront towns in Mississippi and Louisiana, displacing a million people, and killing more than 1,000.
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