May 4
| 1471 | In England, the Yorkists defeat the Landcastians at the battle of Tewkesbury. | |
| 1626 | Indians sell Manhattan Island for $24 in cloth and buttons. | |
| 1715 | A French manufacturer debuts the first folding umbrella. | |
| 1776 | Rhode Island declares independence from England. | |
| 1795 | Thousands of rioters enter jails in Lyons, France, and massacre 99 Jacobin prisoners. | |
| 1814 | Napoleon Bonaparte disembarks at Portoferraio on the island of Elba in the Mediterranean. | |
| 1863 | The Battle of Chancellorsville ends when Union Army retreats. | |
| 1864 | Union General Ulysses S. Grant's forces cross the Rapidan River and meet Robert E. Lee's Confederate army. | |
| 1927 | A balloon soars over 40,000 feet for the first time. | |
| 1930 | Mahatma Gandhi is arrested by the British. | |
| 1942 | The Battle of the Coral Sea commences. | |
| 1942 | The United States begins food rationing. | |
| 1961 | 13 civil rights activists, dubbed Freedom Riders, begin a bus trip through the South. | |
| 1970 | Ohio National Guardsmen open fire on student protesters at Kent State University, killing four and wounding nine others. |
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