April 12
| 1204 | The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople. | |
| 1606 | England adopts the Union Jack as its flag. | |
| 1770 | Parliament repeals the Townsend Acts. | |
| 1782 | The British navy wins its only naval engagement against the colonists in the American Revolution at the Battle of Saints, off Dominica. | |
| 1811 | The first colonists arrive at Cape Disappointment, Washington. | |
| 1861 | Fort Sumter is shelled by Confederacy, starting America's Civil War. | |
| 1864 | Confederate Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest captures Fort Pillow, in Tennessee. | |
| 1877 | The first catcher's mask is used in a baseball game. | |
| 1911 | Pierre Prier completes the first non-stop London-Paris flight in three hours and 56 minutes. | |
| 1916 | American cavalrymen and Mexican bandit troops clash at Parrel, Mexico. | |
| 1927 | The British Cabinet comes out in favor of voting rights for women. | |
| 1944 | The U.S. Twentieth Air Force is activated to begin the strategic bombing of Japan. | |
| 1945 | President Franklin D. Roosevelt dies at Warm Spring, Georgia. Harry S. Truman becomes president. | |
| 1954 | Bill Haley records "Rock Around the Clock." | |
| 1955 | Dr. Jonas Salk's discovery of a polio vaccine is announced. | |
| 1961 | Soviet Yuri Alexeyevich Gagarin becomes first man to orbit the Earth. | |
| 1963 | Police use dogs and cattle prods on peaceful civil rights demonstrators in Birmingham, Alabama. | |
| 1966 | Emmett Ashford becomes the first African-American major league umpire. | |
| 1983 | Harold Washington is elected the first black mayor of Chicago. |
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